S545 Introduction to Teaching Speech Communication

Instructor: Professor Patricia Hayes Andrews

Office Hrs: Room 217, Tuesdays, 1:30-4:00 PM, Thursdays, 2:00-3:30 PM, and by appointment

Phones: Office: 855-4379 Home: 339-7484

Course Description

S545 is the foundation of the Associate Instructor training program of the Department of Communication and Culture. The course introduces graduate students to teaching speech communication, with a particular emphasis on teaching public speaking. Intended primarily for inexperienced instructors, the course focuses on teaching fundamentals, including lecturing, leading discussions, using audio-visual aids, writing examination questions, and dealing with interpersonal problems in the classroom. Although the course is practical, students will be exposed to theory and research on teaching and learning in areas relevant to their early teaching assignments. Several topics will be discipline-specific, focusing on the oral and written criticism of student speeches, communication apprehension, and the place of speech communication in the liberal arts and sciences curriculum.

In conjunction with taking S545, students will also attend S121 staff meetings, during orientation week and continuing throughout the semester.

Readings for the class may be purchased from Mr. Copy on East Tenth Street. The articles listed each day should be read prior to the next class meeting. Other materials will be distributed during class.

Course Outline

Sept. 2: Discuss course objectives, topics, and assignments. Focus on the issue of what constitutes effective teaching. Read Chickering & Gamson, Booth, Cross, and Nussbaum.

Sept. 4: The concept of teaching strategies with a particular emphasis on lecturing. Read Cashin, Frederick (on lecturing), and Middendorf & Kalish.

Sept. 9: Mini-lectures on diverse topics by experienced AIs.

Sept. 11: Conclude mini-lectures, followed by discussion of techniques observed. During the last half of class, we will be joined by Joan Middendorf, Director of the Teaching Resources Center, who will introduce TRC services, with a particular emphasis on their teacher evaluation system. Read Cashin & McKnight and Frederick (on discussion).

Sept. 16: The interactive classroom: Leading discussions as a teaching strategy: principles and practices. Read Boyer, Gregory, Hart, and Hirsch.

Sept. 18: Practical session involving discussion leadership and other strategies for engaging students in learning and participation. Read Andrews, Dedmon, and Holtzman.

Sept. 23: Professor James R. Andrews will join us to discuss rhetorical criticism. Read "Characteristics of Constructive Feedback" and Rubin & Yoder.

Sept. 25: View student speeches. Practice criticism. ESSAY ONE IS DUE.

Sept. 30: Additional viewing of student speeches and criticism practice. Read Clegg & Cashin, Ebel, and Gronlund. PEER MENTOR REPORT 1 IS DUE.

Oct. 2: Constructing exam questions: multiple choice and essay. Read Murray and Lowman.

Oct. 7: Further discussion of testing and evaluation. In-class exam construction workshop. Read Schleger, Adler, Griffin, and Johnson & Iacobucci.

Oct. 9: Using audio-visual aids to support instruction and learning: discussion and demonstration. Pre-observation conferences will be held throughout the afternoon. EXAM QUESTIONS ARE DUE ON OCTOBER 14.

Oct. 13-17: Classroom observations, scheduled individually. Each observation will be followed by a post-observation conference. All meetings during this week will take place individually; we will not meet as a class. Read Hart & Williams and Robinson.

Oct. 21: Dealing with interpersonal problems in the speech communication classroom. Read Nieto, Chapters 3, 5, & 6; and Sandler.

Oct. 23: No Class Meeting; Instructor attending Phi Delta Kappa conference.

Oct. 28: Diversity as a factor in the classroom with a particular focus on gender. Review of research and discussion. Read Tuana and Wood.

Oct. 30: Discuss sexual harassment and view the videotape, "You Are the Game," concerning sexual harassment in academic contexts. PEER MENTOR REPORT 2 IS DUE. Read McGinty & Cope and Wright.

Nov. 4: Presentation of book reviews.

Nov. 6: Presentation of book reviews.

Nov. 11: Conclude presentation of book reviews. Pre-observation conferences held throughout the day. WRITTEN BOOK REVIEWS ARE DUE.

Nov. 12-19: Videotaped classroom observations scheduled individually, along with individual post-observation conferences. No meetings of S545. Read Applbaum, Emmert, Dance, Gouran, Cronkhite, Wartella, and Swartz.

Nov. 20: No Class: NCA Meetings in Chicago.

Nov. 25: Teaching opportunities/options in the Department of Speech Communication: S122, Interpersonal Communication. Course director, Todd McDorman and some AIs from S122 will join us for coffee and conversation.

Nov. 27: Thanksgiving Break.

Dec. 2: Additional teaching opportunities: S223, Business and Professional Communication, S229, Discussion and Group Methods, and others. Again, guests will join us for coffee and conversation.

Dec. 4: Professional development: Building the teaching portfolio. Alan Kalish, Associate Director of TRC, will join us for a general discussion of the importance of the teaching portfolio in the current job market and as a vehicle for growth as a teacher. TEACHING SELF-CRITIQUES ARE DUE. Read Fink, Sprague, and Rodden.

Dec. 9 & 11: The state of higher education: The organizational environment in which we teach. Course Evaluation.

FINAL ESSAY IS DUE ON MONDAY, DECEMBER 15.

Evaluation Procedures

	Essay One (Sept. 25)                                                                              15%
	Examination Questions (Oct. 14)                                                           15%
	Book Review (Nov. 11)                                                                          15%
	Teaching Self-Critique (Dec. 4)                                                              25%
	Final Essay (Dec. 15)                                                                              25%
	Short Reports on Peer Mentor Observations (Sept. 30 and Oct. 30) 05%

Bibliography

Course Planning

Andrews, Patricia Hayes. "The Importance of a Good Syllabus." Notes on Teaching and Learning, Teaching Resources Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1986.

"Preparing a Course Syllabus." Illini Instructor Series, Instructor and Management Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, No. 3.

Rubin, Sharon. "Professors, Students, and the Syllabus." The Chronicle of Higher Education (August 7, 1985).

Effective Teaching

Andersen, Janis R., Norton, Robert W., and Nussbaum, Jon F. "Three Investigations Exploring Relationships between Perceived Teacher Communication Behaviors and Student Learning." Communication Education 30 (1981): 377-93.

Arnett, Ronald C. Dialogic Education: Conversations about Ideas and between People (Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1992).

Beall, Melissa. "The Affective Component in Communication Classrooms." Speech Communication Teacher (Summer, 1992): 12-13. This short publication, the Speech Communication Teacher, is a good general resource. Articles are short and often, concrete ideas for improving teaching are offered.

Booth, Wayne C. The Vocation of a Teacher (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1988).

Cross, K. Patricia. "Teaching For Learning." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Higher Education, Chicago, March 2, 1987.

Chickering, Arthur W. and Gamson, Zelda. "Principles of Good Practice in Undergraduate Education." Notes on Teaching and Learning, Teaching Resources Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1987.

Daly, John A., Friederich, Gustav W., and Vangelisti, Anita L., eds. Teaching Communication: Theory, Research, and Methods (Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1990). This is an excellent book, with articles on a variety of subjects written by some of the best communication education scholars.

Dedrick, Charles and Froyen, Len. "Motivation Maxims: Why They Fail to Motivate." The Educational Forum 44 (March, 1980): 295-303.

Donald, Janet G. "The State of Research on University Teaching Effectiveness," Using Research to Improve Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1985, pp. 7-20.

Eble, Kenneth. "The Mythology of Teaching." In The Craft of Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1981, pp. 9-21.

Frymier, Ann Bainbridge. "The Impact of Teacher Immediacy on Students' Motivation: Is It the Same for All Students?" Communication Quarterly (Fall, 1993): 454-465. You might want to look at any number of articles published during the past ten years on the concept of teacher immediacy. There are four articles, for instance, in the October, 1990 issue of Communication Education.

Glaser, Robert. "Ten Untenable Assumptions of College Instruction." Educational Record 49 (Spring, 1968): 154-159.

Gregory, Marshall W. "If Education Is a Feast, Then Why Do We Restrict the Menu?" College Teaching 35 (1987): 101-106.

Gross, Theodore L. "Inside Room 307, Teaching: A Profession of Possibility." Change 12 (January, 1980): 32-38.

Hill, Nancy K. "Scaling the Heights: The Teacher as Mountaineer." The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 16, 1980, p. 48.

Katula, Richard A. "Excellence in the Speech Communication Classroom." Communication Quarterly (Fall, 1986): 341-343.

Knapp, Mark L. "Communicating with Students." Improving College and University Teaching 24 (Summer, 1976): 167-168.

Kraft, Robert G. "Bike Riding and the Art of Learning." Change (June/July, 1978): 36-42.

Moore, Alexis, et al. "College Teacher Immediacy and Student Ratings of Instruction." Communication Education 45 (January, 1996): 29-39.

Nussbaum, Jon F. "Effective Teacher Behaviors." Communication Education 41 (April, 1992): 167-180.

See also the October, 1993 issue of Communication Education (vol. 42, #4) for a special issue on "When Teaching 'Works': Stories of Communication in Education."

Lecturing

Andrews, Patricia Hayes. "Improving Lecturing Skills: Some Insights from Speech Communication." Teaching and Learning at Indiana University, University Office for Learning Resources, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1989.

Cashin, William E. "Improving Lectures." Idea Paper No. 14, Kansas State University, Center for Faculty Evaluation and Development, January, 1986.

Frederick, Peter J. "The Lively Lecture--8 Variations." College Teaching 34 (1986): 43-50.

Gleason, Maryellen. "Better Communication in Large Courses." College Teaching 34 (1986): 20-24.

McKeachie, Wilbert J. "Improving Lectures by Understanding Students' Information Processing." In New Directions for Teaching and Learning: Learning, Cognition, and College Teaching, edited by Wilbert J. McKeachie. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1980, pp. 25-35.

Middendorf, Joan and Kalish, Alan. "The 'Change-up' Lectures." Unpublished manuscript, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1995.

Weaver, Richard L. "Effective Lecturing Techniques: Alternatives to Classroom Boredom." New Directions in Teaching 7 (Winter, 1982): 31-39.

Leading Discussions

Cashin, William E. and McKight, Philip C. "Improving Discussions." Idea Paper No. 15, Kansas State University, Center for Faculty Evaluation and Development, January, 1986.

Frederick, Peter. "The Dreaded Discussion: Ten Ways to Start." Improving College and University Teaching 30 (Summer, 1981): 109-114.

Testing and Evaluation

Clegg, Victoria L. and Cashin, William E. "Improving Multiple-Choice Tests." Idea Paper No. 16, Kansas State University, Center for Faculty Evaluation and Development, September 1986.

Ebel, Robert L. "Using Examinations to Promote Learning." In The Two Ends of the Log, edited by Russell M. Cooper. Minneapolis: The University of Minnesota Press, 1958, pp. 52-63.

Gronlund, N. E. Measurement and Evaluation in Teaching. New York: MacMillan, 1971. Two- page chart.

Lowman, Joseph. Mastering the Techniques of Teaching. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1984.

Murray, John P. "Better Testing for Better Learning." College Teaching 38 (1990): 148-152.

Rubin, Rebecca. "Communication Assessment Instruments and Procedures in Higher Education." Communication Education (April, 1984): 178-180.

Stiggins, Richard J. and others. "Avoiding Bias in the Assessment of Communication Skills." Communication Education (April, 1985): 135-141.

Speech Criticism

Andrews, James R. The Practice of Rhetorical Criticism, 2nd ed. New York: Longman, 1990. See especially the first chapter. "Characteristics of Effective Feedback." Available through the Teaching Resources Center, Indiana University, Bloomington.

Dedmon, Donald N. "Criticizing Student Speeches: Philosophy and Principles." In Dimensions of Oral Communication Instruction, ed. K. Erickson. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown, 1970, pp. 271-281.

Holtzman, Paul D. "Speech Criticism and Evaluation as Communication." In Dimensions of Oral Communication Instruction, ed. K. Erickson. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown, 1970, pp. 283-291.

Rubin, Rebecca B. and Yoder, Jess. "Ethical Issues in the Evaluation of Communication Behavior." Communication Education 34 (1985): 13-17.

Stahl, Michael G. "Critiques that Count." Speech Communication Teacher (Summer, 1991): 8-9.

Young, Stephen L. "Student Perceptions of Helpfulness in Classroom Speech Criticism." Speech Teacher 23 (1974): 222-234.

Textbook Selection

McGinty, Denise and Cope, Jo Ann. "Choosing Textbooks: What Do Your Students Need." Newsletter 8, The Center for Teaching Effectiveness, 1986.

Wright, Delivee L. "Getting the Most Out of Your Textbook." Teaching at UNL. Teaching and Learning Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1987.

Using Audio-Visual Aids

Adler, Ronald B. "Teaching Communication Theories with Jungle Fever," Communication Education 44 (1995): 157-164.

Griffin, Cindy L. "Teaching Rhetorical Criticism with Thelma and Louise," Communication Education 44 (1995): 165-176.

Johnson, Scott D. and Iacobucci, Christine. "Teaching Small Group Communication with The Dream Team," Communication Education 44 (1995): 177-182.

Schleger, Peter R. "Accentuate the Positive, Eliminate the Negative." Training and Development Journal (1984): 97-101.

Interpersonal Challenges in Teaching

Booth-Butterfield, Steve. Influence and Control in the Classroom (Edina, MN: Burgess, 1992).

Hart, Russell D., and Williams, David E. "Able-Bodied Instructors and Students with Physical Disabilities: A Relationship Handicapped by Communication." Communication Education (April, 1995): 140-154.

Kearney, Patricia, et al. "College Teacher Misbehaviors: What Students Don't Like about What Teachers Say and Do." Communication Quarterly 39 (1991): 309-324.

Williams, Glen L. "Alleviating Attendance Woes for Instructors and Students," Speech Communication Teacher (Winter, 1995): 9.

Communication Apprehension

Ayres, Joe. "Perceptions of Speaking Ability: An Explanation for Stage Fright." Communication Education 35 (1986): 275-287.

Ayres, Joe. "Speech Preparation Processes and Speech Apprehension," Communication Education 45 (1996): 228-235.

Ayres, Joe and Hopf, Theodore S. "Visualization: A Means of Reducing Speech Anxiety." Communication Education 34 (1985): 318-323.

Ayres, Joe, and Hopf, Tim. Coping with Speech Anxiety (Norwood, NJL Ablex, 1993).

McCroskey, James. "Classroom Consequences of Communication Apprehension. "Communication Education 26 (1977): 27-33.

Phillips, Gerald M. "The Practical Teachers' Symposium on Shyness, Communication Apprehension, Reticence, and a Variety of Other Common Problems." Communication Education 29 (1980): 213-214. This brief introductory piece is followed by seven related articles.

Robinson II, Thomas. "Communication Apprehension and the Basic Public Speaking Course: A National Survey of In-class Treatment Techniques," Communication Education 46 (1997): 188-197.

Gender and Diversity Factors in the Classroom

Brook, Virginia R. "Sex Differences in Student Dominance Behavior in Female and Male Professors' Classrooms." Sex Roles 8 (1982): 683-690.

Brooks, Nancy A. "Sexual Harassment in Education." Teaching and Learning at Indiana University, Office for Learning Resources, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1988.

Campbell, D'Ann. "Sexual Harassment in Education." Notes on Teaching and Learning. Teaching Resources Center, College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1986.

Ivy, Diana K., and Hamlet, Stephen. "College Students and Sexual Dynamics: Two Studies of Peer Sexual Harassment." Communication Education 45 (April, 1996): 149-166.

Karp, David A. and Yoels, William C. "The College Classroom: Some Observations on the Meanings of Student Participation," Sociology and Social Research 60 (1976): 421-439.

Klopf, Donald W., and Thompson, Catherine A. Communication in the Multicultural Classroom (Edina, MN: Burgess, 1992).

Nieto, Sonia. Affirming Diversity: The Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education. New York: Longman, 1992.

Randall, Phyllis R. "Sexist Language and Speech Communication Texts: Another Case of Benign Neglect." Communication Education 34 (1985): 128-134.

Rosenfield, Lawrence B. and Jarrard, Mary W. "The Effects of Perceived Sexism in Female and Male College Professors on Students' Descriptions of Classroom Climate." Communication Education 34 (1985): 205-213.

Sandler, Bernice R. "Women Faculty at Work in the Classroom, or, Why It Still Hurts To Be a Woman in Labor." Communication Education 40 (1991): 6-15.

Tuana, Nancy. "Sexual Harassment in Academe." College Teaching 33 (1985): 53-63.

Wood, Julia T. "Telling Our Stories: Narratives as a Basis for Theorizing Sexual Harassment," Journal of Applied Communication Research 20 (November, 1993): 349-362. Harassment stories and several other related articles appear in this issue.

State of Higher Education

Boyer, Ernest L. College: The Undergraduate Experience. New York: Harper and Row, 1987.

Boyer, Ernest L. Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate (Lawrenceville, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991).

Fink, L. Dee. "What's Wrong with American Higher Education Today? A Review of Four National Critiques." Teaching and Learning at Indiana University, Indiana University, Bloomington, 1987.

"Integrity in the Curriculum: A Report to the Academic Community." Association of American Colleges, February, 1985.

"Involvement in Learning: Realizing the Potential of American Higher Education." National Institute of Education, October, 1984.

"To Reclaim a Legacy: A Report on the Humanities in Higher Education." National Endowment for the Humanities, November, 1984.

Status of the Communication Discipline

Applbaum, Ronald "Developing a Program Justification: Strategies for Locating and Valuing the Discipline." ACA Bulletin 53 (1985): 32-34.

Arnold, Carroll C. "The Case Against Speech: An Examination of Critical Viewpoints." Quarterly Journal of Speech 40 (1954): 165-169.

Cronkhite, Gary. "On the Focus, Scope, and Coherence of the Study of Human Symbolic Activity." Quarterly Journal of Speech 72 (1986): 231-246.

Emmert, Philip. "Liberal Arts Education and the Communication Arts and Sciences Discipline." ACA Bulletin 53 (1985): 29-31.

Dance, Frank E. X. "Speech Communication as a Liberal Arts Discipline." Communication Education 29 (1980): 328-331.

Gouran, Dennis S. "Speech Communication: Its Conceptual Foundation and Disciplinary Status." Communication Education 28 (1979): 1-8.

Hart, Roderick P. "Why Communication? Why Education? Toward a Politics of Teaching." Communication Education 42 (1993): 97-105.

McBath, James H. and Jeffrey, Robert C. "Defining Speech Communication." Communication Education 27 (1978): 181-188.

Reid, Loren. "The Discipline of Speech." In Dimensions of Oral Communication Instruction, ed. K. Erickson. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Co. Publishers, 1970, pp. 9-21.

Rodden, J. "Field of Dreams." Western Journal of Communication 57 (1993): 111-138.

Sprague, Jo. "Retrieving the Research Agenda for Communication Education: Asking the Pedagogical Questions That Are 'Embarrassments to Theory'." Communication Education 42 (1993): 106-119.

Omar Swartz, "Interdisciplinary and Pedagogical Implications of Rhetorical Theory," Communication Studies 46 (1995): 130-139.

Wartella, Ellen. "Challenge to the Profession." Communication Education 43 (January, 1994): 54-62.

Teaching Critical Thinking

Arons, Arnold. "Critical Thinking and the Baccalaureate Curriculum." Association of American Colleges, Liberal Education 71 (1985): 141-157.

Fritz, Paul A. and Weaver, Richard L. "Teaching Critical Thinking Skills in the Public Speaking Course: A Liberal Arts Perspective." Communication Education 35 (1987): 174-182.

Garside, Colleen, "Look Who's Talking: A Comparison of Lecture and Group Discussion Teaching Strategies in Developing Critical Thinking Skills," Communication Education 45 (1996): 212-227.

Katula, Richard A. and Martin, Celest A. "Teaching Critical Thinking in the Speech Communication Classroom." Communication Education 33 (1984): 160-168.


Miscellaneous

Boyer, Ernest L. "Communication: Message Senders and Receivers." Communication Education 27 (1978): 271-276.

Bryant, Jennings, Comisky, Paul, and Zillman, Dolf. "Teachers' Humor in the College Classroom." Communication Education 28 (1979): 110-118.

Carrier, Carol A. "Note-Taking Research: Implications for the Classroom." Journal of Instructional Development 6:3 (1983): 19-25.

Gorham, Sid, and Christophel, Diane M. "The Relationship of Teachers' Use of Humor in the Classroom to Immediacy and Student Learning." Communication Education (January, 1990): 46-62.

Hirsch, E. D. Cultural Literacy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.

Shulman, Lawrence. "The Dynamics of the First Day of Class." In Manual for Teaching. Cornell University, pp. 48-53.

Sorcinelli, Mary Deane. "Self-Evaluation of Teaching." Teaching and Learning at Indiana University, Indiana University, 1986.